📚 Summary of key learnings from Section 4, Part 1 of "The Complete JavaScript Course"

🔍 Topics: Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Prototypes, ES6 Classes

1️⃣ 🎭 Abstraction

• Abstraction involves hiding unnecessary details and exposing only essential features of an object.
• It simplifies the interface of objects and helps reduce complexity.

2️⃣ 🔐 Encapsulation

• Encapsulation restricts direct access to some of an object's components, which is a means of preventing unintended interference and misuse of data.
• JavaScript uses # to define private fields inside ES6 classes.

class BankAccount {
  #balance;
  constructor(owner, balance) {
    this.owner = owner;
    this.#balance = balance;
  }
  getBalance() {
    return this.#balance;
  }
}
const acc = new BankAccount("John", 1000);
console.log(acc.getBalance()); // 1000

3️⃣ 🧬 Inheritance

• Inheritance allows a class to reuse code from another class, promoting code reusability and reducing redundancy.
• In ES6, it's implemented using the extends and super keywords.

class Person {
  constructor(name, age) {
    this.name = name;
    this.age = age;
  }
}
class Student extends Person {
  constructor(name, age, course) {
    super(name, age);
    this.course = course;
  }
}
const student1 = new Student("Mike", 20, "Computer Science");
console.log(student1);

4️⃣ 🔁 Polymorphism

• Polymorphism enables overriding methods in child classes to create different behavior for the same method name.

class Animal {
  makeSound() {
    console.log("Animal makes a sound");
  }
}
class Dog extends Animal {
  makeSound() {
    console.log("Bark!");
  }
}
const dog = new Dog();
dog.makeSound(); // Bark!